???? In June 2025, high-level diplomatic engagements with Russia, Iran, and the United States underscored Ashgabat’s growing geopolitical outreach.

???? This foreign policy shift is driven by Turkmenistan’s vast natural gas reserves, strategic location along key trade routes, and efforts to position itself as a north–south and east–west transit hub.

???? President Serdar Berdimuhamedov is pursuing closer ties with China and Türkiye, focusing on pan-Turkic identity and enhancing regional influence.

???? Read more: https://jamestown.org/program/turkmenistan-becoming-more-active-on-world-stage/